there are many different modes of operating amateur radio. Below is just a few:

voice modes

• am (amplitude modulation)
• digital voice
• fm (Frequency modulation
• ssb (single side band)

image modes

• ATV (Amateur television)
• hellschreiber
• sstv (slow scan television)
• wefax (weather facsimile)

digital data modes

• FT8
• Packet
• psk31
• rtty
• other modes

cw (continuous wave)

• morse code

weak signal modes

• coherent cw
• wsjt
• wspr

for details of above: